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Florida Ecological Greenways Network
Florida Ecological Greenways Network work to provide a "system of native landscapes and ecosystems that supports native plant and animal species, sustains clean air, water, fisheries, and other natural resources, and maintains the scenic natural beauty that draws people to visit and settle in Florida,” as stated Florida Greenways Commission.〔http://www.greeninfrastructure.net/sites/greeninfrastructure.net/files/2-Florida%20Case%20Study%2012.08.04.pdf〕 It also functions to devise a plan for a statewide greenways system, based on GIS (Geographic Information System) technology and suggestions from the public.〔 The GIS data used includes soil, water, and geological information, wildlife movements and habitat data, as well as existing trails and parks, transportation and infrastructure fixtures, educational and historical sites, and political boundaries.〔 This system would be created in accordance with the December 1994 report from the Florida Greenways Commission to the Governor of the state of Florida,〔 a report which outlined the protocol for creating it. Such a system would connect all aspects of the state’s “green infrastructure”, making it more comprehensive for use by the state’s citizens and more effective in achieving greater sustainability throughout the state of Florida for generations to come.
Such sustainability would be achieved through the various goals of the project, primarily a conservation effort to preserve Florida’s existing ecosystems and landscapes, such as the Loxahatchee River at Jonathan Dickinson State Park and the Broward Urban River Trail in Fort Lauderdale, while taking into account the habitats of native species such as the Florida panther, the Florida black bear and the crested caracara (their habitat data was taken into account when the network was updated) as well as to connect these remain systems and maintain their ability to function as "dynamic systems", as well as adapt to "future environmental changes", such as to mitigate the effects of climate change.〔
The network is used as a main data source, Florida Forever, for identifying the most significant and intact landscapes for conserving in the state.〔 The project is a collaboration of many groups and leadership has gone from the Florida Greenways Commission (Commission), the Florida Greenways Coordinating Council (FGCC) with support from the state Department of Environmental Protection’s (DEP) Office of Greenways and Trails (OGT), and the Florida Greenways and Trails Council (FGTC). All three organizations worked with support from professors, staff, and students of the University of Florida GeoPlan Center, the Department of Landscape Architecture, the Department of Wildlife Ecology and Conservation, and the Department of Urban and Regional Planning (University).〔
==Foundations and history==
The basis for the FEGN is in the state recreational trails system, approved by Legislature in 1979, as well as the Florida Canoe Trail System and preexisting parks, refuges and water and wildlife management areas.〔http://www.dep.state.fl.us/gwt/community/refguide/pdf/execsumm.pdf〕 In 1991, the Florida Department of Environmental Protection established a Statewide Greenways Program to achieve greater coherence among the state’s large ecologically significant places.〔 Land acquisition for the purpose of conservation in Florida dates back to the early 1960s. The Greenways Program was developed to determine how conservation efforts could be distributed in order to best benefit the nature and people of Florida. In 1993, the Florida Greenways Commission was created, and it assumed guidance of the program, which includes public education programs in addition to the conceptual work of developing the Greenways system.〔 Until 1995, Florida Greenways Commission worked with support from the 1000 Friends of Florida and the Conservation fund to assess current greenways and plan for future greenways and state agency leadership of the project.〔 The university compiled a database of existent conservation lands and trails in the state under FGC leadership.〔 In 1995 leadership moved to the Florida Greenways Coordinating Council in cooperation with the state DEP's OGT.〔 The university applied GIS software to identify “ecological and recreational hubs and links” to integrate into the network.〔 Hubs are areas with highest-ranked ecological significance that are large enough to sustain key species and ecological processes.〔 Links are the areas connecting the hubs and sites.〔 In 1997, the FEGN, as part of the Florida Greenways Plan became authorized by state law.〔http://www.linc.us/FloridaWidlifeCorridor_Info.html〕 The Greenways Implementation Plan, a collaborative effort of “ the Florida Greenways Commission, Florida Greenways Coordinating Council, state, regional, and federal agencies, scientists, university personnel, conservation groups, planners and the general public,” was completed in 1998.〔http://www.fgdl.org/metadata/metadata_archive/fgdc_html/gweco_prio_2005.fgdc.htm〕 The next year, the Florida Greenways and Trail Council (FGTC) took over the work of the Commission and the FGCC. Support from the OGT continued, and the OGT established an “official greenways designation process.”〔 In the following year, the Florida Greenways and Trails Council prioritized the network into 6 different levels of significance, based on their importance for maintaining statewide ecological connectivity.〔 The university, using GIS software, developed a prioritization of land presenting the best opportunities to create a connected statewide ecological system in 2002.〔 Jason Teisinger modeled development pressure, allowing prioritization of critical linkages based on ecological significance and pressure of development.〔 In 2004 the boundaries of the Florida Ecological Network were updated and approved by the Florida Greenways and Trails Council in September.,〔〔 In 2005 Prioritization of land use was updated and approved by the Florida Greenways and Trails Council in November.〔〔
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